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n. a. sucmzasr. CHIPEEE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 3. IQIQx Pate nted June 3, 1919 llli III,

-' ITE STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

RAYMOND B. GILCHRIST, 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GILCHRIST COMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CHIPPEB AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 3, 1914. Serial No. 829,182.

7 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND B. GIL- CHRIST, a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have in- I vented certain new and useful Improvements in Chippers and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to devices commonly termed chippers, which are used for break ing or disintegrating ice Or other materials and to a method of making the same.

In practice, it has been found desirable to employ cutting points which have been hardened and tempered so they will be durable and will not be readily broken when used in hard substances. In manufacture, these pins in being'secured to the head should not be subjected to heat which will destroy their temper, and grinding of the pins after being secured to the head will produce a similar objectional result. It has .furthermore been found that if .attempt were made to cast the pins in the head, previously tempered and hardened pins would lose their temper.

In these devices, it is also desirable to avoid the use of special locking-devices and to have them as simple as possible and to avoid rust of the parts so far as possible.

- ()ne object of the invention is to provide an improved chipper in which these objections are effectively overcome. This obJect is attained by driving the pins through sockets in a head, the diameter of the sockets being normally slightly smaller than the diameter of the pins so that when the pointed portions of the pins have been driven through the head they will have caused the metal surrounding the socket to have been stretched to secure a firm and rigid connec tion between the pins and the head without special attaching devices and without destroying the temper or shape of the previously hardened, tempered and pointed pins.

Another object of the invention is to provide a peculiarly formed head, which is specially adapted for this manner of securing the pins in the head.

Lastly, the invention designs to provide a chipper which is simple in construction, can

be easily manufactured and which will be eflicient in operation.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective of a device embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a section through the head, showing the manner of securing the pins into the head. Fig. 3 is a section showing a pin secured in the head. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section tirhrough the shank taken on line 5-5 of The improved chipper comprises a head 10, cutting points or ins 11 secured in the head, a shank 12 whic is integral with the head and has its upper end suitably secured in a handle 14.

The head and shank are formed of a casting and are usually tinned because tinning is effective in protecting a rough surface, such as found on ordinary castings, from rust, without being polished or ground. The

head and shank are formed so that grinding and polishing would add materially to the cost of roduction, because of the irregular shape oi or recesses in the head and shank. The head comprises a series of cylindrical portions 15 which are connected to one another by a central longitudinal web 17 and a back-web 16. The shank comprises a sideweb 18 and a cross-web 19 which extends from the back-web 16 of the head to the upper end of the shank which is suitably secured in the handle.

A pin 11 formed of wire, previously pointed, tempered and hardened is secured in each cylindrical portion 15 of the head. These pins are preferably nickel-plated before being secured in the head to prevent them from rusting in use. Each pin com prises a point or cutting portion 20 and a cylindrical portion 21 in the head. A hole 22 is formed in each portion 15 of the head, and these holes are slightly smaller than the cylindrical portion 21 of the pins.

Patented June 3, 1919.

any substance on which they are used. By

forming the head with cylindrical portions,

around the holes in which the pins are driven, the metal may be stretched or expanded' outwardly substantially in all di rections and the connecting web 16 and the back 17 serve to secure the cylindrical portions without unnecessary metal and withplutdunduly increasing the weight of the The side-web 12 of the shank is disposed so as to be ofi'set with respect to the upper in which the pins are secured in the head without special attaching devices; and in which the head and shank may be formed so that the device will be as light as possible.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modified within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A chipper comprising a one-piece head having holes extending therethrough, a handle secured to the head, and pins having cylindrical portions and points extending from the cylindrical portion to the operative ends thereof, said cylindrical portions being driven into said holes and secured therein by stretching the metal around theholes, the points of the pins being adapted to pass through the holes.

2. A chipper comprising a one-piece head having holes extending therethrough, a handle secured to the head, and pins having cylindrical portions and points extending from the cylindrical portion to the operative ends thereof, said cylindrical portions being driven into said holes and secured therein by stretching the metal around the holes, the points of the pins being adapted to pass through the holes, said head comprising cylindrical portions around the holes to permit the metal to be evenly stretc ed and a connecting we'b between the pins.

3. A chipper comprising a one-piece head having holes extending therethrough, a handle secured to the head, and pins having cylindrical portions and points extending from the cylindrical portion to the operative ends thereof, said cylindrical portions being driven into said holes and secured therein by stretchin the metal around the holes, the points of the pins-being adapted to pass through the holes, the head having integral cylindrical portions around the holes, a back web, a shank web at one side thereof and outof the line of said holes, and a cross-web, said handle being secured to said shank. a

4. That improvement in making chippers which consists in forming accurately sized cylindrical holes through a solid head of metal and forcing cylindrical portions of taper-pointed pins into the holes from the back of the head, the cylindrical portions being accurately sized and of such diameter that the metal of the head around the holes will be stretched by the pins sufliciently to permanently secure the pins in the head.

RAYMOND B. GILCHRIST.

Witnesses:

' THonAs JAMESON,

SOPHIA J. HAUSER. 

